Microbiology for Developing the Culture and Storing

Question: Examine about a man with a careful injury after a prosthetic hip position? Answer: Presentation Suitable lab practices can spare lives and improve the personal satisfaction (Hakim et al., 2014). For this situation, in the event that suitable assortment, security and culture conditions were kept up then the patient would not have endured rehashed episodes of agony. This report examines the ideal practices in the lab which can help keep up the supervision principles. Example assortment convention The example assortment convention ought to be followed, the sort of example ought to be perceived, after assortment the example ought to be shipped in the proper compartment. In the medical clinic, the assortment condition ought to be looked after (Crouch, 2014). For this situation, the joint suction assessment was performed with alert which uncovered overcast synovial liquid. Lab wellbeing Individual and expert degrees of lab security ought to be kept up in the lab to guarantee that each example that comes in for testing is tried appropriately, no contaminant is blended all the while, and the individual playing out the test isn't influenced by the disease. For the situation talked about, hypertension, rankle on the injury and shady synovial liquid uncovers that either a steady disease is there or injury has not recuperated appropriately. Culture Condition The nature of the way of life ought to be kept up to guarantee exact outcomes. Ecological components must be thought of while building up the way of life and putting away the way of life. Causative Agents Diseases can be caused because of various microorganisms. For this situation, bacterial contamination was not found in the gram recoloring report, yet the nearness of rankles on the injury shows that there was some unidentified irresistible operator at work. The proceeded with torment and delicacy of the careful injury may show contamination or unhealed injury. Pathogenesis The disease can spread from the working theater or the home condition of the patient if there should arise an occurrence of contamination after medical procedure. The disease can get moved from the contraption, garments or groups of people through tears, cuts, and wounds. Treatment The diseases can be treated by careful and non-careful procedures. The method of treatment relies upon the seriousness of the contamination, the impact of the disease and the normal outcome. Anticipation Deterrent measures are taken to guarantee that careful injuries are avoided contaminations. The injury is kept spotless and ensured consistently. End Illness control and anticipation isn't a simple activity. All the more critically, contaminations after medical procedure ought to be kept away from or rewarded appropriately. References Squat, R. D. (2014, August). Fortifying security in the lab through an arrangement of exercises in the initial four semesters of the science educational program. InABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY(Vol. 248). 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA: AMER CHEMICAL SOC. Hakim, J., Matenga, J., Borok, M., Mandinger, N., Ndemera, B., Taziwa, A. (2014). SIDE LAB MANUAL.

Earthquakes and Moving Plates essays

Seismic tremors and Moving Plates expositions One day in my first year science class, I felt the ground moving as though there has been a blast. Before long, I was under the table feeling like I was on a pontoon out in the ocean. Regardless of the sentiment of nausea I was energized and felt favored to encounter the tremor since it was something extremely uncommon. From that second, how the quakes happen and what causes them to change all around went to my nearby consideration. Be that as it may, as a result of the staggering consequence of seismic tremors, here and there it is not entirely obvious the genuine reason for the quakes yet rather center around the harm brought about by the tremors. It is critical to comprehend both the reason for a seismic tremor and how it influences human life just as how to be set up so as to limit the mischief. Numerous individuals know or knew about plate tectonics and its effect on the world. Truth be told, the plate structural is the primary main thrust for seismic tremors happening far and wide. At that point, it is critical to see how the moving plates create quakes. The world's surface, lithosphere, is an inflexible shell, and underneath the lithosphere, there is a hot asthenosphere which finds a feeble spot in the lithosphere to rise (Louie 1). This convection procedure permits the lithosphere to move. At times, the constantly moving plates spread separated from one another, push against one another, or slide along close to one another, making a flaw (Lassieur 19). At the point when the plates advance toward one another, for example, southern Alaska where the Pacific plate is subducting underneath the North American plate, the Earth's biggest seismic tremors, the 1964 Alaskan quake for instance, are commonly framed (A.S.G. 1). For the most part, plates that are moving ceaselessly from one another are arranged in the profound seas and create generally shallow seismic tremors (A.S.G. 2). In instances of the plates sliding by one another, for example, San Andreas deficiency in California, the development may cause many harming quakes. However,... <!

Questions about Blogging

Questions about Blogging Yesterday, a prefrosh friend of mine sent me this Facebook message: I hate to bug you with a blog-related question, but you seem to be the best person to ask. Im considering applying to be a blogger, but Im concerned about the time commitment. My on-campus job is 6-10 hours per week, and I plan on continuing studio art, photo, and dance. I got into F/ASIP and entered the lottery for advising seminars (and may apply for one of the learning communities). Im hoping to do a spring UROP, too. Im pretty organized with academic work, but I still cant gauge how much time everything will consume. Do you think that, even if I got the position, being a blogger would be kind of overkill? I really love the whole concept of the blogs, but I dont want to ruin someone elses chances if my applying isnt appropriate. Many thanks, and hope youre enjoying the rest of your summer! After a little consideration, I sent back this response: During my first semester at MIT, on the academic side of things, I took four science classes, a six-unit advising seminar, and F/ASIP. As far as extracurriculars go, I was involved in student government, MURJ, Assassins Guild, Medlinks training (which was basically my Friday evenings), and other smaller commitments in addition to blogging. Not to mention I had just joined a fraternity, so I spent a lot of time at our house, getting to know my brothers, learning my fraternitys history, and that sort of thing. If you check my blog archive, youll notice that I blogged a lot more during the spring semester than in the fall. And its not because I was less involved in student activities, or spent less time with friends, in the spring. Its because I spent a lot of time during the fall just trying to find my feet, establish my place, and figure out what I really wanted to get out of this crazy, amazing Institute. And to some extent, Im still working on figuring that out. But I certainly knew a lot more in the spring than I did in the fall. My point is, your first semester is pretty much the designated time for you to explore MIT to its fullest, to test the boundaries of what you can do and be involved in. As you go through MIT, youre going to gain a better and better understanding of how to prepare for your classes and your tests and your p-sets, how much time everything is going to take, and generally how to balance work and play. As I said once before, the transition from high school to MIT is not a straight line its a step function. Everyone has their own limits, their own preferred balance between sleeping, studying, and socializing (pick two); and youll figure out what works best for you as you go. Sometimes you end up dropping a club or activity because you turn out to not be quite as interested in it as you thought you were (Ive done this) or that simply takes too much time (Ive done this too). And thats okay. You cant do everything but you definitely can do enough. So, basically, dont worry about the time commitment for blogging, because while its significant, its not that much and its very flexible based on when you have time to blog. The reason why youre asked to put a list of extracurriculars on your blogger application is because, in my opinion and experience, the Admissions Office is looking for diverse people who represent a broad range of MITs multi-faceted culture. One of the secrets about blogging is that it doesnt necessarily have to be your first priority. After all, the idea is that youre going to be blogging about your life at MIT and for that to happen, you need to have a life worth blogging. Ultimately, blogging is part of my play. Its a joy and, quite simply, a privilege for me to share my life with all of you on these blogs, to answer your questions to try and make the admissions process just a little less mysterious, a little more human. And I wouldnt have it any other way. In addition to this direct question, Ive seen quite a few prefrosh discussing the blogging application and related topics with their friends. While most of you seem to have everything under control, I have noticed a few common questions, so hopefully I can help clear those concerns up. If you have any questions of your own, feel free to ask in the comments (anonymously is fine) and Ill update this entry accordingly. How did you feel when you were applying to be a blogger? In a word, terrified. I know thats a weird reaction, but its true and the reason was because thats how much the blogs meant to me. During my senior year of high school, after I had visited MIT for the first time, the blogs became my lifeline back to Boston. Reading the blogs enabled me to feel like I was still connected to campus like I was already a part of MIT. I applied to be a blogger because I wanted nothing more than to be able to give back to the blogs, to help other students fall in love with MIT in the same way I did. Hopefully Ive done an okay job. :) Who picks the new bloggers? As has become tradition, the blogger selection committee will include Matt and this years senior bloggers: Laura and Lulu. Others might be involved as well, but their identities are a tightly-held secret. ;) So what role do you have in this process, Paul? Absolutely none. Ill continue to read the blogs of prefrosh that Ive befriended over the past few months, but thats it; I wont be sending Matt my recommendations or anything like that. And while I wont read your application for you, Im more than happy to answer any questions you might have about being a blogger or about the process itself. Ive just started the blog that I plan on submitting. Do I still have a chance? Yes! I started Emergent the personal blog that I ended up submitting as my portfolio a mere two weeks before the blogging application came out. So dont worry about it. And while I would encourage you guys to all be as prolific as you can, quality is much more important than quantity. Where have all the aardvarks gone? Good question, I wish I knew.

The Truth Behind The Myth - 1471 Words

Lauren Gualdino Midterm Paper ENGL 225 DLA Professor Tuncel The Truth Behind the Myth Greek literature can be looked at as being indispensable when trying to understand the past. Many scholars have spent great lengths of time studying and interpreting the different works that have come to be most identified as Greek literature. In many of these works they can be looked at as having fairytale-like qualities in the way that magic and folklore is intertwined into historical perspectives. History plays an important role in greek literature, it breathes life into stories that have come to be so widely read and known, that the line between truth and myth has become blurred. Dating back to as early as 900 BCE many of the Greek literature works were not written down, such as the poems of Homer. They were told orally, passed on like a campfire story. Homer authored both The Iliad and The Odyssey. The Iliad is the story of the Trojan war, while The Odyssey is about Odysseus’ ten year adventure home from the war. â€Å"The story of the Trojan War, the Bronze Age con flict between the kingdoms of Troy and Mycenaean Greece, straddles the history and mythology of ancient Greece and inspired the greatest writers of antiquity† (Trojan War, history.com). Homer’s poem paints a very vivid picture when it comes to his recount of the war. He describes in great detail how the war went on for ten years and how the great Odysseus rose to be the greatest warrior of his time. There areShow MoreRelatedWhat Is the Difference Between Myth and Theory?1326 Words   |  6 Pagesthe difference between myths and theories? Well that’s an easy question to answer isn’t it; myths involve fiction while theories involve facts, we should not make any parallels between science and superstition. There, we’ve answered the question, or have we? Although many people will agree that myth and theory are two totally different things, I would debate that the line between the two is much thinner than one would think. In fact in some cases the lin e is inexistent and myths make up theory, justRead MoreFoundations of Mythology870 Words   |  4 Pagesthe word myth used popularly? For example, what does the statement, â€Å"It’s a myth† mean? In contrast, how is the word myth used in the academic context? After considering the definition in your textbooks and course materials, write a definition in your own words. The statement â€Å"It’s a myth† to me means that it is not true or not fully true. There may be some truth but there is some false information added to the story. Myths- the rich rewards awaiting questioners willing to approach myths from numerousRead MoreAnalysis Of The 12 Labours Of Hercules980 Words   |  4 PagesThe twelve labours of Hercules is a myth because it is a story passed down all the way to today’s generation, making it be a traditional tale. Hercules is originally a Roman god; however, it is similar to the Greek’s version of Heracles. This myth is originally from the Latin language--which is typically used by the Romans. The twelve labours of Hercules was originally written by Peisanders and was then lost in 600 B.C. Hercules was born a demigod with supernatural powers that established the patternsRead MoreAnalysis Of Archeology : My Own Words, It Is The Study Of The Past Through The Things889 Words   |  4 PagesArcheology: in my own words, it is the study of the past through the â€Å"things† that were left behind by those who came before us. I think everyone can agree there is something fascinating about picking up an old knife or pot of clay and wondering what life was like when it was created. It seems like it is no surprise that so many people could easily believe legends of a lost city or of great giants ruling the earth long ago. Such legends seem to only add to the mystery and wonder of the past. HoweverRead MoreTeamwork Myth808 Words   |  4 Pagesstart to question many of the lessons we were taught as a child and we find them to be nothing but a myth. Our textbook describes at least six-myth involving teamwork and we will identify why it is a myth and the actual reality in teamwork. Our textbook describes the following as myth regarding teamwork and there is some truth to each of the myths but that doesn’t mean it’s completely true. The first myth states that ‘teams are harmonious people’, which mean that people in a group compromises their needsRead MoreDiving Into the Wreck877 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"Diving Into The Wreck†, Rich’s well crafted imagery and use of an extended metaphor helps to develop a powerful theme. In this poem, Rich suggests once people go through a traumatic experience they tend to hide behind a false memory they create in order to protect themselves. In order for people to completely heal themselves, they must be willing to go back into the memories they have suppressed. By taking this journey, they can reclaim what beauty was lost and put to rest the damage thatRead MoreMy Naked Truth : I Am Passionate About Self Care911 Words   |  4 PagesMy Naked Truth: I’m passionate about self-care. I want to break down the negative ideas that exist when it comes to building healthy self-care habits. It makes me sad that even today self-care continues to be misunderstood by so many. How often have you felt guilty when you have prioritised your needs? Women can experience this more than men given the caregiver role attached to them in society. Given the skewed and ‘wishy-washy’ ideas that exist when it comes to self-care it’s no wonder that manyRead MoreEssay about Homosexuality is a Choice Rather than Genetics749 Words   |  3 Pageschoice rather than genetic? To answer this question well start off by revealing some myths of homosexuality. The next part will explain the difference between a behavioral trait and a genetic trait. Finally Ill end be unveiling the truth behind the homosexual gene. There are many things that the homosexual activists say are true, but those truths are merely myths in need of correction. The first of these myths says homosexuals are normal, healthy, everyday people, but on the contrary they areRead MoreEssay on Adrienne Richs Diving Into the Wreck1075 Words   |  5 Pagesrole of the hero and the strategy for success in her second schema. In the second schema the hero goes on a journey where she discovers her true identity, both female and male. The hero prepares for the journey into the sea by reading the book of myths, collecting a camera and knife, and putting on a diving suit. The diver is alone, unlike Jacques Cousteau, who had a team to accompany him on his dives. She brings a camera because she will find things on her dive that she does not want to forget.Read MoreExplaining Diversity Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pagesbiological factors are the main determinants of individual behavior. This theory is greatly reliant on a culture looking for a direct cause and effect relationship between the genetic makeup of humans and social ability. Like this belief, the Origin Myth in Malanowskis Magic, Science, and Religion explains how a certain Indonesian culture, namely the Trobrianders, explains their creation by using stories, experience and presentation. They argue there was an underworld world previous to life on Earth

25 Active Adjectives for Your Résumé

In the United States, distance learning at the college level has some advantages but also some disadvantages that are pertinent to your ability to get the job you want with your online degree. It  becomes especially important for graduates of distance learning institutions to take steps to overcome this deficit when applying for a job. Your rà ©sumà © is where youll start. Deficits the Rà ©sumà © Can Help Overcome Employers often have some reservations about hiring graduates of online institutions—an attitude confirmed by a doctoral research study, The Market Value of Online Degrees as a Credible Credential, as well as by reports in U.S. News World Report,  The New York Times,  and elsewhere. The research study and news reports indicate that some reservations about distance learning graduates are simply the consequence of a lack of familiarity with the quality of education some online institutions offer—a reservation probably exacerbated by the well-publicized downfalls in of a few online degree institutions in recent years, especially the widely reported failure of The University of Phoenix. Beyond general (and sometimes not fully informed) objections to online learning by corporations considering new hires, there are some recurrent specific objections in the research study and news reports that you will need to address, including: Objections to degrees from unaccredited institutions;Objections to degrees from unfamiliar institutions;The belief that science and engineering (and some other) courses require hands-on classroom experience unavailable online;The absence of the kind of social experience available in brick-and-mortar institutions that prepare students for corporate employment—especially experience working in teams. How to Overcome These Deficits in Your Rà ©sumà © Here are some of the things you can do in your rà ©sumà © to combat these perceived deficits. Make it easy for whoever reads your rà ©sumà © to believe in the validity of your institution. Theres no one right way to do this but consider footnoting the first mention of your institution with a short but specific reference to its government accreditation. Dont simply supply the U.S. Department of Educations general website. Report concisely on the specifics of the governments accreditation of your particular institution. In no more than a sentence or two, differentiate your institution from others of lesser repute. If your institution has some famous alums, mention one or (at most) two.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Briefly—this is the most important word to remember when drafting your rà ©sumà ©Ã¢â‚¬â€point to whatever you can that establishes that while your institution may not be widely known, its an institution thats been in business for a while and is widely respected. If youve had other kinds of hands-on experience (and many distance learners have) state this early in your rà ©sumà © to dispel the idea that your online degree hasnt provided you with real-world experience. Make it clear youve had other experiences related to your field that are equally valid. Show that youre comfortable and experienced working with others, either in some program that your online institution provides or through your life experiences. Help your rà ©sumà ©Ã‚  reviewer understand your strong points by using a few adjectives that point them out. Strong Resume Adjectives You are: DeterminedHardworkingDiligentTrustworthyA team playerMotivatedReliableA self-starterLoyalStudiousAttentiveConscientiousIndustriousPersistentDynamicEnergeticEnterprisingEnthusiasticAggressiveConsistentOrganizedProfessionalMethodicalSkillfulPassionate

The Organizational Implications of Robotics Free Essays

string(84) " that support the robots that affect the putrescence of o†sanitation†s\." Forecasts of how many robots will be used In 1990 I- the u-led States range between 75,000 and 150,000 (Hunt Hunt, 1983). Little Is known, however, about how Individual employees react to the Introduction of robots or about the changes needed In organizations to support robotics. Our research focuses on â€Å"deterrents†g the human side of robotics–how Individuals react to robots, how and when organizations should be modified to support robotics, and what effective strategies are for the Implementation of robotics. We will write a custom essay sample on The Organizational Implications of Robotics or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Robot Institute of America defines a robot as a programmable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move objects through variable programmed motions to perform a variety of tasks (Robot Institute of America, 1982). Two characteristics differentiate taboos from most other forms of automation: multiple task capability and programmability. The robots used most frequently in U. S. Factories today, in jobs that involve moving material, welding, drilling, or spray painting, are called level To’ first-generation robots. Researchers are now in the process of developing taboos, known as level II or second-generation robots, with more sophisticated sensing and thinking capabilities. For example, a level II robot that is capable of identifying the location of parts of different shapes and sizes is currently bee†g developed. Other examples of level II robots include those that mine underground coal seams, detect gas leaks, or perform sophisticated I†speciation tasks. Ares and Miller (1983) provide a good description of the current and expected future capabilities of robotics. 2 1:1 this paper. E first develop a GE:learn framework for’ the effects of robots I:altitudes and We I:electorate from our field studies of the implementation:l of robotics as well as from other field studies f the Impact of robotics our general framework. The methodology and results of our field studies are described in greater detail In Argots, Goodman, a:old Cascade (1983) a:old Argots and Goodman (1984). We co nclude the paper with suggestions for researchers who are analyzing the Implementation of robotics and with recommendations for managers who plan to utilize robotics In their organizations. A General Framework The use of robotics may have a profound effect on the organization of work a. ‘old on the productivity of tessellations. Robots typically require :lee skills of both reduction and technical support personnel and require closer l:alterations among functional areas (Argots. Goodman, Cascade, 1983). Robots may displace some Technology Assessment, 1984). Robots may also enable organizations to be more flexible by decreasing set-up times associated WI the product changeovers. Moreover, robots may enable organizations to achieve greater consists:LLC I:l the quality of their products (Ares Miller, 1983; Guest, 1984). In this section, we develop a general framework for anticipating these effects of robots on individuals and organizations s well as for predict:leg the conditions under which the use of robots will enhance organizational performance. Organizational Performance L â€Å"l order to present our general framework, we first must discuss the concept of organ:location:ala performance. Organizations can be thought of as consisting of three basic components–people, etc†Ã¢â‚¬ logy. And structure. 3 It is the compatibility between† these three basic comps†e†TTS of organ†Tioga:l’s that determined†sees their Performa†CE (Alleviate, 1965; Emery Trust, 1973). Organizational performance is a complex variable with multiple dimensions (Goodman Pen†inns, 1977; Katz Kahn, 1978). Examples of performance criteria that are critical in the manufacture:leg environment are productivity, product quality, manufacture:leg flexibility, absenteeism, turnover, and employee motivation and well-bee:leg. These criteria may vary in importance over time and to different constituencies. For example, sales and marketing departments may place a higher premium on manufacturing flexibility than other functional areas because it enables the organization to adapt to customers’ needs in a timely fashion. Similarly, manufacture:leg flexibility may be ore important in early than in late stages off product’s life cycle (Kaplan, 1983). Further, these performance crib terra are likely to be interrelate Ted, sometimes complex ways. For example, employee motivation may be positively related to work unit productivity under conditions of uncertain:let that occur, for example, when a machine breaks down, while employee motivation may have little effect on the productivity of capital-I:latencies firms under route†e or programmed condo actions (CB. Goodman, 1979). Similarly, productivity, at least measured I† the short tune, may be negatively associated with manufacture:leg flexibility. The complexity of the concept of organizational performance suggests that understanding the impact and effects of :lee technologies requires an appreciation of the interrelationships among the elements of organizations. It also suggests the †deed for exam†I:leg multiple performance criteria a:old the trade-offs among them. Further research is :leaded to identify how the I†duration:l of robots will affect the elements of an organization a:old the conditions under which these elements may be 4 compatible. He few exists†g meme†kcal studies of the of robots (Argots, Goodman, Cascade, 983; Argots Goodman†, 1984; Office of Technology Assessment, 1984) and thee-ethical work on Job design, o†generational SST†structure, o†generational effective†sees, a†d the introduction of change enable us to sug gest what these effects a†e likely to be and when the use of †boots is likely to e†ha†CE manufacture†I†g pee†finance We want to emphasize that us’†g robots does not automatically imply certain consequence†sees for organizations but rather it is the interplay between characteristics of the technology, the manner in which it is I†traduced, the organization’s structure, For example, some companies p†ovoid little training of† their robot operators and design the Jobs of operators such that they have little autonomy and are very dependent on technical support staff. Other comma†sees provide more trait†ins for their operators, design more autonomy into their Jobs, and expect them to be actively involved in patriotism†g the operation of the robots. Our sense is that the latter approach to design†ins the operator’s Job results in more motivated operators and a speedier and smoother implement†taxation than the boomer. The technology in each approach is the same. It is the supporting organizational arrangements that are different. Thus, the use of robots does not determine certain consequences for organizations. Instead it is the relationship between characteristics of the robots, the people who operate and maintain the robots, and the organizational arrangements that support the robots that affect the putrescence of o†sanitation†s. You read "The Organizational Implications of Robotics" in category "Papers" I†dividable Employees We †owe turn to what is known about how the I†durationâ €  of â€Å"O bots typically affects individual employees I† organ†actions. The I†duration† of robots usually changes the skills and Job activities of I†dividable employees. In our study off plant in the metal-working industry, the introduction of a robot that performed material handling activities caused a shift in the robot operators’ Jobs from primarily manual to primarily mental activities (Argots, Goodman, Cascade, 1983). The Office of Technology Assessment (TOT) reports a similar change with the introduction of welding robots in the automobile industry: the introduction of the robots removed some of the physical demands from the Jobs of human operators (TOT, 1984). Thus, the introduction of robots in both studies had a positive effect on employees’ work environments: the robots assumed some of the very physically demanding tasks otherwise performed by humans. At the same time, both studies found that the introduction of robots had certain negative effects on employees. Operators in our study reported that they experienced more stress and less control after the robot SASS introduced (Argots, Goodman, Cascade, 1983). Similarly, the TOT report indicates that direct production employees felt less control with the introduction of the welding robots, because their Jobs were now tied to an assembly line (TOT, 1984). Repair supervisors in the TOT report also experienced greater stress upon the implementation of robots, apparently due to the pressures of maintaining a complex and highly integrated production system (TOT , 1984). Based on previous research, we expect that if the I†transduction of robots leads to employees experiencing less control over their work environment, then they will be less satisfied, less motivated, and experience more stress upon the introduction of new technologies (Blabber, 6 1964; Hack† Lawyer, 1971; Hickman Lolled, 1975; Sutton Kahn, in press). We also expect that systems that are very complex or characterized by low reliability will be associated with increased stress (Bright, 1958; TOT, 1984). The experience of variety and feedback on the Job promotes employee well-bet†g (Hickman Lolled, 1975). If the use of robotics affects the variety and feedback employees experience, then we expect corresponding changes in their satisfaction and motivation. Along these lines, the TOT report I†dictates that mat†tenancy introduction of welding robots: the maintenance workers’ Jobs were characterized by greater variety and more challenge (TOT, 1984). The introduction of robotics typically changes the skill requirements of both production and technical support personnel. As noted earlier, the use of robots usually shifts operators’ Jobs from manually-oriented to mentally-oriented activities. If these changes are compatible with employees’ skills and preferences, employees will feel more satisfied and less stress with the change. Strategies are suggested later in this chapter for maximizing the fit between employees and their Jobs and for designing the Jobs of employees, both direct and indirect, who must interact with robots. The manner in which robots are implemented may also affect employee reaction to the change. Coco and Fresh’s (1948) classic study indicates that introducing change n a participative fashion increases the likelihood that employees will react positively to change. Other researchers have also stressed participation as a key variable in determining the extent to which employees react positively to change (Cotter Schlesinger, 1979; Deteriorate al. , 1983). While employees I† the two organizations we studied did †to participate at all in any decisions surrounding the I†transduction of the robots, employees at both organizations desired more that† they actually had (Argots, Goodman, Cascade, 1983; Argots Goodman, 1984). The discrepancy between how much influence they actually had and how much they desired was especially pronounced at the second organization we studied, possibly because the organization was unionized and had a tradition of employee participation. While employees desired more influence, they acknowledged that the implementation of robotics is a complex activity requiring technical expertise that they generally do not possess. Hence, employees did not expect a great deal of influence in decisions regarding robotics. They did feel, however, that they had some expertise, especially concerning work processes and machines in their department, and that they should be involved in socio† related to their areas of expertise. Another dimension of the implementation process is the method organizations use to communicate with employees about the introduction of robotics. Organizations may use a variety of communication mechanisms, including talks by the plant manager, meetings with first-line supervisors, and demonstrations. L† our research, we examined how effective employees rated the various communication sources their organizations used to introduce robotics. Our results indicate that demonstrations of the operation of robots are [dated by employees as most effective or increasing their understanding of robots (Argots, Goodman. Cascade, 1983). This result is corroborated by the finding that the demonstration had a greater impact on employees’ beliefs about and attitudes towards robotics than any other communication source the organization used (Argots Goodman, 1985). 8 How employee motivation, satisfaction and stress affect the performance of firms using robotics remains an open question. Teethe is a growing sense in the business literature that these human resource issues are critical too firm’s ability to compete that using robotics and other programmable automation in ways that enhance employee well-being leads to increased organizational efficiency (TOT, 1984). Consequently, it is important that we identify the conditions under which employee motivation, satisfaction, and stress affect the overall performance of firms using robotics. A† interesting hypothesis developed from previous research is that these human resource variables affect the overall performance of work units when nonprogrammer situations occur, for example, a machine breakdown or the introduction of a new product (CB. Goodman, 1979). Under routine operating conditions, human motivation and attitudes †ay have little effect on the performance f robotics systems. That is, human resource variables may matter more when tech. †eulogies are first being implemented, when new products alee being introduced, To’ when unexpected problems arise than when systems are operating routinely. Organizational Structures In addition to affecting individual employees, the introduction of robots may also change the basic structures of organizations–communication within and between departments, decision-making responsibilities, role relationships and the like. In our study, we found that the introduction of a robot led to increased interactions teen production and technical support personnel from engineering and maintenance. Studies of other technologies similar to robots, such as numerical control machines, report similar increases in interaction among production, engineering, and maintenance groups (Williams Williams, 1964; TOT, 1984). 9 The use of robotics also has the potential to chaw:leg collation:lisps between production a:old markets:leg groups is:lace robots may reduce the time it takes to change from one product to another. This potential could e:label organizations both to accommodate a more varied product mix a:old to response:old more easily to customer demands. Although we have :lot yet witnessed a:AY empirical evidence of modified relationships between production and marketing due to the introduction of robots, these changes might occur as more robots are put on line and linked in integrated systems. There is some evidence that the use of advanced automation on the factory floor may enable organizations to centralize production scheduling decisions (TOT, 1984). This may reduce the need for technical experts who schedule production as well as eliminate scheduling tasks from supervisors’ Jobs. Similarly, intelligent robots that perform inspection tasks may reduce the requirement for facial quality control staff. Indeed the use of intelligent robots may lead to fewer hierarchical levels within organizations as well as too smaller number of direct production workers (Cherty, Dunked, Jordan, Miller, 1984). This is because intelligent systems alee capable of performing many activities, both manual and mental, traditionally performed by supervisors and certain support staff as well as by direct production workers. There are already examples of organizations where the use of programmable automation has led to the elimination of one layer of supervisors Chem.., Sisley, Liker, Earthman, Thomas, 1984). At the same time, the use of intelligent robots may require more individuals with expertise maintaining and programming robots. R Thus far, we have focused on describing how the use of robotics is likely to change these structural changes may be associated with improved manufacturing performance. As noted earlier, the use of 10 robotics typically I†creases the I†trepanned†CE of activities performed by member’s of different functional groups. He†CE the use of robotics usually requires more interaction among these functional areas. We have observed companies where the increased interactions went extremely smoothly, a†d all groups were motivated to cooperate in the implementation of the †ewe technology. We have also observed companies where the increased interaction was characterized by hostility, impede†g the implementation. What differentiates these two situations? In their analysis of interdepartmental conflict in organizations, Walton and Dutton (1969) discuss the conditions under which interdenominational relationships are characterized by conflict. These conditions include: a reward structure that emphasizes the performance of separate roofs; asymmetric interdependence in which one group is more dependent on the other; communication obstacles such as different locations or specialized languages; and aggressive individuals. Applying these findings to the implementation of robotics provides insight in predicting when the increased interactions required by the use of robotics are likely to be smooth and when they are likely to be confliction. If a company’s reward structure emphasizes the putrescence of separate groups, we expect the introduction of robotics to be characterized by conflict. This might occur, for example, if production groups are threaded according to short-term efficiency figures while engineering groups are rewarded for the number of †ewe equipment pieces they introduce. Asymmetric interdependence is also likely to contribute to conflict. This situation characterizes most introductions of new technology where, at least in certain stages of the implementation, production is more dependent on engineering for hardware and software then engineering is dependent on production. The effect of asymmetric needs on conflict is 11 moderated by the company’s reward system. A reward system that emphasizes the performance of operate groups will only amplify the conflict potential of asymmetric interdependence. Instead, a reward system that has a more global and long-term orientation may foster cooperation and reduce the potential for conflict caused by asymmetric interdependence. When the functional groups that must interact to implement new technology are located in different areas or use different terminologies, conflict is likely to surround the process. Conversely, if the different groups are located near each other, sit in on each other’s meetings to understand each other’s goals and constraints, and use a common language, then we expect the interactions required by the introduction of robotics to be more graceful. Finally, the nature of people who play key roles in the introduction, such as the lead engineer, affects the level of conflict. When key positions are occupied by . †aggressive, authoritarian individuals concerned primarily with their own careers, the probability of conflict increases. The behavior of these individuals also will be affected, of course, by the company’s reward sys tem. †other structural issue raised by the implementation of robotics concerns the balance between centralization and decentralization in a organization. Current How to cite The Organizational Implications of Robotics, Papers

Grace Nichols is a Caribbean poet Essay Example For Students

Grace Nichols is a Caribbean poet Essay Grace Nichols is a Caribbean poet. She was born in Georgetown in 1950 and grew up in a small village on the Guyanese coast. In 1977 she moved to the United Kingdom as an act of independence and to experience a different type of culture. She wanted to escape the Caribbeans long history of violence, invasions and slavery. Grace came to Britain seeking an identity, however through her poetry she shows that she will always be proud of her heritage and that her heart lies in the Caribbean. The issue of cultural identity is very important to her, as she feels torn between two cultures. She is searching for something which feels natural to her. Caribbean life is natural to her however, after spending so much time in the UK, going back home would be strange. The three poems link together sharing memories of childhood in the Caribbean and memories of adulthood in the U. K. The poems follow a cycle of life. The first talks of childhood- Praise song for my mother, the second of adulthood- Fat black woman, and the third, of death- Tropical death. The language she uses represents the attitude of the people from the country. For example, Creole is a free-speaking dialect- not restricted by punctuation or spelling. This represents the Caribbean and its laidback, un-restricted attitude whereas Standard English has to be carefully constructed and its restricted format represents the English culture. There is a good example of the varied dialects in her writing in her poem Fat Black woman. An example of Creole is and de weather so cold. But she later goes on to say frozen thin mannequins which is an example of Standard English. Praise song for my mother shows positive colours of the Caribbean all the way through. It uses images to compare her mother with features of the Caribbean. The poem admires her mother for bringing her up and loving and caring for her. She later admires her for giving her freedom and letting her go. She is not inhibited or stifled. She is natural with her feelings and emotions. Standing alone is giving a positive image also. The layout of the poem resembles childhood. Three simple stanzas all beginning with you were. The poem is full of colourful Caribbean references. It has a different structure to the other two poems as it has almost half the amount of words. She has also fused her childhood memories with her adulthood, which emphasizes her cultural struggle. The poem is written from a childs point of view. Grace Nichols poetry shows clearly her search for her cultural identity. The negative imagery of the U. K and positive of the Caribbean shows she prefers her home country and feels more comfortable there. Fat black Woman is a poem that attacks the stereotypical views of the English people. The title itself is an attack on the stereotypical image of a Caribbean woman. The poem shows a fat black woman who goes shopping to find that all the clothes are too small for her. As she enters the shops, the sales girls frown upon her. The poem gives a negative view of the U. K from the very beginning as it starts Shopping in London winter, a real drag for the fat black woman. This immediately gives a negative view in terms of weather but she continues to give negative views when she moves on to colour. London is made to sound unwelcoming and bad weather is a recurring image throughout all of the poems. Nothing bright and billowing to flow like breezy sunlight is a line that suggests that in the Caribbean there would be colourful clothes as it is a bright and colourful place; not dull and stormy like the U. K. .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 , .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .postImageUrl , .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 , .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864:hover , .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864:visited , .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864:active { border:0!important; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864:active , .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864 .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue25ad5dfa2dbfcc98ea2daf5a430c864:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pope, Swift and the age of reason EssayThe simile like breezy sunlight appears to be referring to the type of clothing she is looking for but, on closer inspection, this relates to the rhythmic, slow paced but comfortable Caribbean lifestyle. Nichols comments on Britains obsession with appearance and her words suggest the sale girls are shallow and only see her for her size. De pretty face sale gals exchanging slimming glances. Emphasis on size is repeated because British stores generally only cater for thin women and only employ those with good looks and nice bodies. The fat black woman feels she is getting nowhere, like she will never fit in. She is still confused as to why she came to Britain à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" all this journeying and journeying for what? On the surface this line appears to relate to the shopping trip, going from store to store. However, what she is really trying to say is that traveling all the way to Britain did not get her anywhere and if anything, made her unhappier. To Nichols, the British are cold and impolite and their smiles are false. Look at the frozen thin mannequins fixing her with grin. Use of assonance here creates a cold, sharp tone. Grace Nichols also uses ambiguity in this poem. For example, she writes the choice is lean- nothing much beyond size 14. This line is referring to the variety of clothes as well as stating that the stereotypical British woman has a lean body. It also shows again the stereotypical views of the English, as clothes beyond a size fourteen are hard to get because they make their clothes for thin people. This joke at the end is written to make you feel sorry for the fat black woman. Tropical death is another poem about a fat black woman who wants a Caribbean funeral, not an English one. The title gives us instant contrast. Tropical shows warmth, colour, and happiness whereas Death shows coldness and sadness. As in the previous poems there are also contrasting descriptions of Britain and the Caribbean. Everything about Britain is negative and cold in this poem making the colourful and lively Caribbean sound much more appealing. The poem uses an abundance of Creole and Standard English. She describes an English funeral as a polite hearse withdrawal to show that the emotions are controlled and stifled whereas a Caribbean funeral is considered a celebration. We know this by the line a brilliant tropical death yes, written in Creole. No quiet jerk tear wiping is a quote that shows she doesnt want people to hold back at her funeral also, monosyllabic words describing a stereotypical Brit at a funeral creates a mocking effect. The line some brawl represents the Caribbean lifestyle. It shows how she wants a fuss made at her funeral-some excitement at the celebration of her life. First night third night nine night, repetition here emphasizes how long she wants the wake to go on for; also it imitates the rhythmical beat of the Caribbean steel drums and of a heart. The lines are also shortened, making them stand out and again, creating a slow rhythm. More than anything, the fat black woman wants to return home to her motherland and family, In the heart of her mothers sweet breast and she wants the protection of her Caribbean roots, In the shade Of the sun leafs cool bless. She now knows what she wants and where her cultural identity lies. The poem is concluded with confirmation of her longing to return home as it ends with a simple yes. From studying the poems it is clear that Grace Nichols is a troubled and confused woman, searching for somewhere she truly belongs. It is evident throughout her poetry that she isnt where she wants to be as Britains culture differs intensely with that of the Caribbean.